Yes, I see we agree... I am reminding of SOLID whenever I see violations in code reviews. Sometimes "business needs" overrule though, increasing techdebt. This is probably $1m question on how to do software engineering properly.

Also smartness (IQ) is not actually everything. There is that "W" for Wisdom in the DIKW pyramid. And that is something seniors should have. Hardly measurable by any psychometrics.

(shameless plug) I have more on the "how" here: https://medium.com/star-gazers/framework-as-a-way-to-painless-software-development-c3382f35a334 . Note, that I am not that much into reusing existing frameworks (at least before establishing they are fully fit first), but recognizing and deliberately building "frameworks" on the go.